There is a well known phenomenon among weight lifters, it has a lot of names but let's call it the "honeymoon phase". It is a one and ONLY one time only period when you can both build muscle AND lose fat. It lasts for about six months to a year, depending on how vigorously you attack the weights.
RE: Cardio. Cardio can be done in a fasted state. Weights SHOULD NEVER BE DONE in a fasted state. Ideally you want at least two meals under your belt for best results. How much cardio? Honestly, if you're doing weight training with serious intent, 30 minutes a day or so is fine (because if you're lifting seriously you should be at that nearly two hours a week, figure three 45 minute sessions or so).
How to combine the two is up to you and your preferences. Some people work out late in the day and warm up with cardio/lift weights/cool down with cardio. Some people do cardio before breakfast then lift in the evening. It really comes down to what you are most comfortable with and what your goals are. IMO, as a woman, you want to burn fat and build muscle you do your cardio on an empty stomach in the a.m., then lift in the evening right before dinner (your dinner meal being how you replenish nutrient stores instead of shakes, etc.) I'm sure there are others out there who will disagree ... whatever. I lifted seriously for nearly 20 years and that was the system that served
my body best.
To learn more about women and weights, I'd recommend you check this site out (I know you've read so much your head is swimming but there's reading and then there's actually finding useful information) well written by a woman, totally approachable about serious weight training from soup to nuts:
http://www.stumptuous.com/