I'm nowhere near phase 4, but I've looked into this just a bit. Someone might give a better explanation, but how I understand it, in a nutshell, is as follows:
Your pancreas produces insulin, which is released in response to your blood sugar. Your blood sugar rises as you eat saturated fats and sugars. The more often you eat these things, the more insulin your pancreas releases, until it begins overproducing insulin, which causes cravings and weight gain.
Phase 1, while limiting sugar, carbs and fats, is resetting your pancreas and teaching it not to overproduce insulin. It also teaches you proper eating habits and portion sizes so that you won't fall into your old habits. Once you've lost the weight through Phase 1, Phases 2 and 3 start up your pancreas again and teach it to produce the proper amount of insulin in response to the sugar, fat and carbs you are meant to eat.
You're eating 700-900 calories to lose weight rapidly. That's not a healthy range for someone maintaining their weight, which is what Phase 4 is all about. Yes, you'll be eating more calories, but you'll have been training your body how to handle normal eating.
Cheating is about what you are trying to get away with. Phase 4 is about eating normally and making conscious decisions. In this way, I don't consider it cheating. You can eat something unhealthy, as long as it's not a frequent occurrence, and you temper it with good decisions.
People may be talking about cheat days because some IPers have adjusted their maintenance style to fit in their lifestyle. It is common for some to eat on Phase 2 during the week, but give themselves free range during the weekends. Some people prefer to eat as Phase 4 suggests, but then revert to Phase 1 for a week if they overindulge for a day or two. Phase 4 gives you good suggestions on how to be successful in your maintenance, but it's not something you follow to a T like the other phases. It's about making it work for you, while maintaining your good eating habits and making conscious decisions.
Don't stress about Phase 4 yet! You're doing great, and you'll get there! And when you do, all your current hard work will mean that your body will be able to handle a normal amount of carbs, sugars and fats.
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