/insert usual caveats about rat studies and needed verification with follow-up studies
We know that there is an association between drinking diet soda and obesity. I always figured it was most likely explained by diet sodas being chosen by folks who feel they need to lose weight. But for years, I have been concerned that there might be some other reason(s) contributing to the association due to the sweeteners. I have been concerned because I do enjoy diet soda though at this point I don't drink it every day. Could there be some response triggered by tasting the sweetness? Could some specific sweeteners trigger a response in the stomach?
It looks like there is actually a direct reason that diet soda would cause weight gain -- but the same effect would apply to unsweetened seltzer and carbonated water. Apparently, the CO2 greatly increases gherlin.
BTW, some people advise dieters to drink non-sweetened carbonated beverages to help stay on plan because the bubbles help expand the stomach, providing one of the fullness cues. I think this is true, but apparently this fullness effect is more than offset by the ghrelin, which may kick in later.
I would like to see more studies because single studies don't provide a large body of evidence and I find it hard to believe that rats drinking flat sweetened soda had no weight gain. I'd also like to see them include flat artificially sweetened soda and plain carbonated water in studies for completeness. BTW, I do still think there may still be other reasons contributing to the diet soda association with obesity. For example, I think that drinking highly-sweetened diet soda can train one's palate to expect high levels of sweetness in foods. That said, it really hasn't been a problem for me. =)
Here's an article and the actual study.